Vibe Spring2025 - Flipbook - Page 21
states, “Evidence supports the use of
reward-based methods for all canine
training. AVSAB promotes interactions
with animals based on compassion,
respect, and scientific evidence. Based
on these factors, reward-based learning
offers the most advantages and the least
harm to the learner’s welfare.”
A final significant benefit to positive
training centers around the concept of
“cause no harm.” In addition to all the
benefits of positive training over aversive
training, there is substantial evidence and
support for the idea that aversive training
is more likely than positive training to
cause unwanted behaviors in dogs.
A Closer Look at Aversive Training
An article about the effects of aversive
training in the Journal of Veterinary
Behavior reports research results that
reveal that punishment-based training
methods are related to a more significant
number of reported behavior problems
compared to reward-based training.
The study also reveals that owners
with the highest obedience scores use
reward-based training only, suggesting
a correlation between positive reinforcement training and higher levels of
obedience and fewer behavior problems.
Research supports a widely accepted
view that aversive dog training can cause
the appropriate context. Treats used
inappropriately could be regarded as
bribes. If used appropriately, they are
reinforcers. Like any piece of equipment
or tool, people must learn how to use
them properly. Sometimes, training
results do take longer. However, as
previously discussed, these quicker
results may come at the cost of other
undesired behaviors. While it may take
time to achieve the desired goal, there
is no concrete evidence showing that
some dogs cannot learn using positive
techniques. It is also quite true that
success does depend on good timing and
technique, which are learned skills. The
same is true of aversive techniques. Timing and appropriate use of equipment
is directly correlated with success. The
difference is that poor timing in positive
training may yield slower or no results,
whereas poor timing in aversive training
can increase the likelihood of poor or
devastating results.
Dog owners need to be aware of
trainer differences and understand that
classes or consultations may vary widely
in techniques and philosophies.
When trying to select a dog trainer
who uses positive training techniques,
things to avoid include the use of shock or
prong collars, jerking or correcting when
the dog does something wrong, minimal
Despite the overwhelming evidence supporting positive reinforcement
dog training, there are trainers that continue to utilize aversive
training or a combination of positive and aversive training.
and exasperate behavior issues in dogs,
including fearfulness, avoidance, anxiety,
and even aggression. Positive reinforcement training is equally effective and
causes no harm to the dog.
Many aversive trainers have evolved
to the use of a combination of methods.
They will argue that all positive training
does not work on all dogs, results take
longer, treats become bribes, and success depends on good timing. The term
“balanced” is often used to describe
their techniques.
or no use of treats, offers of guaranteed
and quick success, no certification, and no
recent continued education.
Positive trainers will promote the use
of positive rewards such as treats and
toys and will have a clear understanding
of how dogs learn and of learning theory.
They are always willing to talk about
their methods and why they use them.
Positive trainers often hold certifications,
belong to professional organizations, and
participate in continuing education.
Understanding the Proper
Use of Techniques
Assistance Canine Training Services
2928 East Conway Road, Center Conway, NH
www.assistancecanine.org
(603) 383-2073
While some of these arguments have
validity, they must be considered in
Spring 2025
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